Evaluate transport of water salinity, temperature, carbon and other variables of the greenhouse

The objective of the DOS MARES project is twofold. First, we aim at understanding the effects of the atmospheric teleconnections between the Cantabrian Sea and the north-western Mediterranean Sea, and their impacts on the deep ecosystem, both pelagic and benthic. Second, we want to know in which way the transfer of the signal from the external forcings towards the deep ecosystem controls the community structure and the population dynamics. Thus, in March 2012 we deployed 6 mooring lines equipped with sediment traps and currentmeters in the Avilés and Gaviera canyons and the slope. In September 2012 the moorings were successfully recovered and redeployed again, and during this cruise DOSMARES BIOCANT3 they have been finally recovered and the 1-year monitoring effort finalised. In addition, CTD profiling has been performed to characterise the biological and physical structure of the water column (including the acquisition of discrete water samples), multicorers have been obtained to characterise the geochemical properties of surface sediments, and a multinet used to obtain macro- and meso-zooplankton community structure. Overall, data will allow to characterize the external forcings and abiotic conditions in the Cantabrian Sea, and thus establish the links between abiotic conditions, populations and pelagic and benthopelagic resources.

The objective of the DOS MARES project is twofold. First, we aim at understanding the effects of the atmospheric teleconnections between the Cantabrian Sea and the north-western Mediterranean Sea, and their impacts on the deep ecosystem, both pelagic and benthic. Second, we want to know in which way the transfer of the signal from the external forcings towards the deep ecosystem controls the community structure and the population dynamics. Thus, in March 2012 we deployed 6 mooring lines equipped with sediment traps and currentmeters in the Avilés and Gaviera canyons and the slope. In September 2012 the moorings were successfully recovered and redeployed again, and during this cruise DOSMARES BIOCANT3 they have been finally recovered and the 1-year monitoring effort finalised. In addition, CTD profiling has been performed to characterise the biological and physical structure of the water column (including the acquisition of discrete water samples), multicorers have been obtained to characterise the geochemical properties of surface sediments, and a multinet used to obtain macro- and meso-zooplankton community structure. Overall, data will allow to characterize the external forcings and abiotic conditions in the Cantabrian Sea, and thus establish the links between abiotic conditions, populations and pelagic and benthopelagic resources.

The sediments of the Galician Interior Basin realm are capable of recording the peculiar conditions of the last glacial‐interglacial dynamics transition into the current interglacial and their evolution into present day, as they are influenced by the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) and because their proximity to the important continental land‐mass of western Iberia. The knowledge of the rates and magnitudes of change of this system is critical to understand its climate dynamics, processes and feedbacks, and hence its role on a local to sub‐regional scale. The inference of these climatic mechanisms encrypted in the deep‐sea sedimentary record needs to constrain the spatial and temporal scales of the sedimentary processes involved, in particular the identification of source areas, pathways and transport, storage times and hydrodynamic conditions. To adequately assess these encrypted sedimentary archives it is instrumental to identify the sedimentary expression of the main processes and forcements involved and accurately determine the spatial and temporal scales, rates and magnitudes of the processes and feedbacks that generate these records. This proposal aims to carry out a high‐resolution reconstruction of the transport time,provenance, sediment fluxes, wave climate, bottom‐current variability and post‐depositional alteration in a number of surficial samples and cores from the Galician Interior Basin. This project will provide a first insight into the relation between the last North Atlantic climate oscillation and the local regional components including abrupt climate changes (i.e. H events) and local events since the end of the last glacial period from a paleoclimatic proxies perspective. We will use a twofold approach by first constraining the current sedimentary conditions to their associated local wave climate and North Atlantic regional forcements to subsequently infer the paleoenvironmental conditions from the past 30‐50 ky sedimentary record. Firstly, analysing and modelling the present hydraulic conditions from newly acquired and historical wave climate and oceanographic records from the study area will study the current sedimentary conditions and forcements. These data will be linked to the present day sedimentation conditions by direct measurements of present day sedimentation and oceanographic conditions, supported by moored sediment traps, CTD, Doppler records and surficial samples. Epifauna, infauna, microfauna and sediment microestructure will also be studied. Subsequently we will udertake a multidisciplinary study combining high‐resolution geochemical, physical properties, environmental magnetic sediment derived records with high precision U‐series isotopes analyses in a well‐constrained geochronological framework. Further support will be provided by seismic‐acoustic data acquisition. The combination of these sedimentological, micropaleontological, geochemical and geophysical tools will help in better resolving the role of current strength, circulation and sediment provenance changes also considering across vs. along margin transport balances in the sedimentary record of the Galician Internal basin over the last 30‐50 ky

In this Cruise Plan we present a strategically collected suite of sediment coring stations that may help to study fluid flow system in the northern Tunisian margin extending to the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Geological (piston, box and multicorer) and biological sampling (bou de varas) of the Gran Burato area. General benthos and seafloor. Hydrates preservation.

ROV exploration and geological (piston, box and multicorer) and biological sampling (bou the varas) of the Gran Burato area. General benthos and seafloor. Hydrates preservation.

Recientes evaluaciones de la absorción de CO2 en el Atlántico Norte mostraron que el componente natural del ciclo del carbono se ha visto afectado por la variabilidad de la circulación termohalina (MOC). La primera meta del proyecto BOCATS es extender las series temporales del MOC y la observación de la ventilación de las masas agua para una mejor cuantificación de su efecto sobre las variaciones en el ciclo del carbono en el Atlántico Norte en escalas de tiempo de décadas. La estimación de esta variabilidad es esencial para evaluar los futuros escenarios de cambio climático. La segunda meta de BOCATS es cuantificar el efecto del presente aumento de CO2 atmosférico en la producción y disolución de CaCO3. La hipótesis universalmente aceptada del ciclo de CaCO3 en estado estacionario ha sido puesta en duda debido a la acidificación observada en aguas profundas del Atlántico Norte y a su impacto potencialmente negativo sobre los organismos calcáreos. Los objetivos del proyecto BOCATS se abordan en dos actividades principales: i) Mantener el experimento de observación decenal de la circulacion y el ciclo de carbono con la novena realización de la sección hidrografía/geoquímica A25 entre Portugal y Groenlandia que se inició en 1997, ii) La evaluación en el giro subpolar de la variabilidad del ciclo del carbono, separando sus componentes natural y antropogénica, e incluyendo la materia orgánica, sedimentos y otros elementos biogénicos. La principal contribución observacional de BOCATS será un crucero a realizar en junio y julio de 2016. Las observaciones de alta calidad previstas en el giro subpolar contribuirán a la detección temprana de la alteración del ciclo del carbono y permitirán la estimación precisa de las tasas de almacenamiento de CO2 y de acidificación, relacionando estos cambios con la variabilidad de la MOC.

The sediments of the Galician Interior Basin realm are capable of recording the peculiar conditions of the last glacial‐interglacial dynamics transition into the current interglacial and their evolution into present day, as they are influenced by the Thermohaline Circulation (THC) and because their proximity to the important continental land‐mass of western Iberia. The knowledge of the rates and magnitudes of change of this system is critical to understand its climate dynamics, processes and feedbacks, and hence its role on a local to sub‐regional scale. The inference of these climatic mechanisms encrypted in the deep‐sea sedimentary record needs to constrain the spatial and temporal scales of the sedimentary processes involved, in particular the identification of source areas, pathways and transport, storage times and hydrodynamic conditions. To adequately assess these encrypted sedimentary archives it is instrumental to identify the sedimentary expression of the main processes and forcements involved and accurately determine the spatial and temporal scales, rates and magnitudes of the processes and feedbacks that generate these records. This proposal aims to carry out a high‐resolution reconstruction of the transport time,provenance, sediment fluxes, wave climate, bottom‐current variability and post‐depositional alteration in a number of surficial samples and cores from the Galician Interior Basin. This project will provide a first insight into the relation between the last North Atlantic climate oscillation and the local regional components including abrupt climate changes (i.e. H events) and local events since the end of the last glacial period from a paleoclimatic proxies perspective. We will use a twofold approach by first constraining the current sedimentary conditions to their associated local wave climate and North Atlantic regional forcements to subsequently infer the paleoenvironmental conditions from the past 30‐50 ky sedimentary record. Firstly, analysing and modelling the present hydraulic conditions from newly acquired and historical wave climate and oceanographic records from the study area will study the current sedimentary conditions and forcements. These data will be linked to the present day sedimentation conditions by direct measurements of present day sedimentation and oceanographic conditions, supported by moored sediment traps, CTD, Doppler records and surficial samples. Epifauna, infauna, microfauna and sediment microestructure will also be studied. Subsequently we will udertake a multidisciplinary study combining high‐resolution geochemical, physical properties, environmental magnetic sediment derived records with high precision U‐series isotopes analyses in a well‐constrained geochronological framework. Further support will be provided by seismic‐acoustic data acquisition. The combination of these sedimentological, micropaleontological, geochemical and geophysical tools will help in better resolving the role of current strength, circulation and sediment provenance changes also considering across vs. along margin transport balances in the sedimentary record of the Galician Internal basin over the last 30‐50 ky